Operational Workflows & State Machines

The Sales / OMS domain defines explicit workflows and state machines to ensure that every commercial opportunity and order moves through a controlled, auditable lifecycle.

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1. Commercial Lifecycle

flowchart LR
    A[Draft Quotation] --> B[Customer Acceptance]
    B --> C[Confirmed Order]
    C --> D[Stock Allocation]
    D --> E[Release to Fulfillment]
    E --> F[Pick / Pack / Ship]
    F --> G[Delivery Confirmation]
    G --> H[Invoicing]

Stage	Business Responsibility
Draft Quotation	A sales representative or channel system prepares a priced proposal for the customer.
Customer Acceptance	The customer approves the quotation, converting it into a binding commitment.
Confirmed Order	The order is validated, priced, and locked. Soft reservations are created.
Stock Allocation	ATP is verified and hard allocations are assigned to fulfillment nodes.
Release to Fulfillment	Fulfillment batches are transmitted to WMS as pick/pack instructions.
Pick / Pack / Ship	WMS executes physical fulfillment and hands off to the carrier.
Delivery Confirmation	The customer or carrier confirms receipt of goods.
Invoicing	Accounting is triggered to issue an invoice and record receivables.

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2. Omnichannel Execution & Exception Flow

flowchart TB
    A[Order Ingestion] --> B{Can Single Node Fulfill?}
    B -->|Yes| C[Single Shipment]
    B -->|No| D[Split Shipment]
    C --> E[Hard Allocation]
    D --> E
    E --> F[Release to WMS]
    F --> G[Pick / Pack]
    G --> H[Order Ready for Shipping]
    H --> I[Carrier Handover / TMS]
    I --> J{Delivery OK?}
    J -->|Yes| K[Complete Order]
    J -->|No| L[RMA / Return]
    K --> M[Invoice & AR]
    L --> N[Credit Note / Replacement]

Stage	Business Responsibility
Order Ingestion	The channel order is normalized, validated, and canonicalized.
Multi-Node Sourcing	The routing engine selects the optimal fulfillment node or nodes.
Split Shipment	When no single node can fulfill the order, batches are split across nodes.
Dispatch Handover	TMS receives the ready shipment and generates carrier waybills.
Completion	The order is closed after successful delivery and invoicing.
Return (RMA)	A delivery failure or customer return triggers authorization and compensation.

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3. State Transition Tables

Quotation

Current State	Trigger / Event	Next State	Business Validation Rule
Draft	Send to customer	Sent	Quotation contains at least one valid line.
Sent	Customer accepts	Accepted	Acceptance is received within quotation validity period.
Sent	Customer declines	Rejected	Rejection reason may be recorded.
Accepted	Convert to order	Converted	Customer and items are still valid.
Accepted	Expire	Expired	Validity period has elapsed without acceptance.

Sales Order

Current State	Trigger / Event	Next State	Business Validation Rule
Draft	Submit for confirmation	Pending Confirmation	Financial balance rule is satisfied.
Pending Confirmation	Confirm	Confirmed	Stock is available or backorder is accepted; customer is valid.
Confirmed	Allocate stock	Allocated	ATP exists for all lines at selected nodes.
Allocated	Release to WMS	Released	Hard allocations are firm and batch is routable.
Released	Partial ship	Partially Shipped	Some batches have carrier confirmation; others remain open.
Partially Shipped	Final delivery	Completed	All batches delivered and invoiced.
Confirmed	Cancel before release	Cancelled	No hard allocation or shipment exists.
Released	Request cancellation	Cancellation Pending	Formal return/recall workflow is initiated.

Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA)

Current State	Trigger / Event	Next State	Business Validation Rule
Draft	Submit request	Pending Authorization	Original order reference and returned items are specified.
Pending Authorization	Authorize	Authorized	Return reason is valid and within return policy window.
Pending Authorization	Reject	Rejected	Rejection reason is mandatory.
Authorized	Goods received	Received	WMS confirms receipt and inspection of returned items.
Received	Approve credit	Approved for Credit	Inspection confirms resalable or scrap disposition.
Approved for Credit	Issue credit note	Closed	Credit note or replacement order is processed.